In grade 1, students learn what numbers are by showing, describing and comparing numbers to 20. We learn to count forward and backward to 100, and skip count by 2s (to 30) and by 5s and 10s to 100. We learn to add and subtract to 18 using mental math strategies. We work on recalling math facts that are doubles (like 2 + 2, and 5 + 5) and number facts that are one more (like 6 + 1) and one less (like 8 – 1). We explore ways to solve number problems, explaining what we did and why. Also, we learn to recognize and make patterns and learn about 2-D shapes and 3-D objects.